DDO: a diabetes mellitus diagnosis ontology

Applied Informatics

Table 4 Examples of OWL object properties (class-level association) in the DDO

Property	Definition	Inverse of	Domain	Range
has_disposition	Defines the patient’s current diseases	disposition_of	Patient	Disease
has_quality	Defines the patient’s current symptoms	Quality_of	Patient	Diabetes symptom
has_lab_test	Defines the patient’s laboratory tests		Patient	Diabetes laboratory test
has_physical_examination	Defines diabetes associated physical examinations		Patient	Diabetes physical examination
is_about	Links the patient’s type of diagnosis with the diabetes disease type		Diabetes diagnosis	Diabetes mellitus
leads_to	Associates a drug or chemical substance with a disorder	result_from	Drug, chemical substance	Disorder
Realizes	Associates a diabetes disease course with a diabetes disease	realized_in	Diabetes disease course	Diabetes mellitus
takes_drug	Determines the drugs taken by the patient		Drug	Patient
has_role	Defines a relationship between human and patient	role_of	Human	Patient
Contains	Defines the chemical entities and drugs	contained_in	Drug	Chemical entity
has_measurement_unit	Defines the measurement units of laboratory tests		Diabetes laboratory test	Measurement unit label
has_demographic	Defines patient demographics		Patient	Demographic
has_diagnosis	Defines the patient diagnosis		Patient	Diabetes diagnosis
has_symptom	Is the relationship between a disease and its symptoms	symptom_of	Disease	Symptom
finding_site	Specifies the body site affected by a condition		Disease or disorder	Organ
Total number of object properties				45